Detail

Adhesion and Motility Quantification to Assess Cancer Cell Aggression

Mehanna, Lauren E.; Boyd, James D.; Walker, Chloe G.; Osborne, Adrianna R.; Grady, Martha E.; Berron, Brad J.

Year

2024

Source Name

4f8e7a42-09a2-45aa-af07-0994d14d2a54

License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0

Contacts

Lauren E. Mehanna (lauren.mehanna@uky.edu)

DOI

10.18126/2zmk-n291 View on Datacite
During epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer cells lose their cell-cell adhesion junctions as they become more metastatic, altering cell motility and focal adhesion disassembly associated with increased detachment from the primary tumor and a migratory response into nearby tissue and vasculature. Current in vitro strategies characterizing a cell’s metastatic potential heavily favor quantifying the presence of cell adhesion biomarkers through biochemical analysis; however, mechanical cues such as adhesion and motility directly relate to cancer metastasis and can be quantified without needing to first identify a cell specific biomarker for a particular type of cancer. This paper presents a comprehensive comparison of two functional metrics of cancer aggression, wound closure migration velocity and cell detachment from a culture surface, for three pairs of epithelial cancer cell lines (breast, endometrium, tongue tissue origins). On average, cell lines with low metastatic potential (MCF-7, Ishikawa, and Cal-27) were more aggressive through wound closure migration compared to loss of cell adhesion. On the other hand, cell lines with high metastatic potential (MDA-MB-231, KLE, and SCC-25) were on average more aggressive through loss of cell adhesion compared to wound closure migration. This trend was true independent of the tissue type where the cells originated, indicating that there is a relationship between metastatic potential and the predominate type of cancer aggression. Our work presents one of the first combined studies observing functional cell migration and adhesion across cancer cell lines from selected tissue origins, without needing to identify tissue-specific biomarkers to achieve success. Using functional metrics to assess cancer cell aggression provides a powerful clinical tool for future label-free bioseparation platforms.